Salesforce DX — 数据与管线

使用sfCLI 查询数据和管理管线。

先决条件

# Verify CLI and auth
sf --version
sf org list

如果未列出任何组织，请进行身份验证：

sf org login web --alias my-org --set-default

架构发现

查询前，先探索可用对象和字段：

# List all objects
sf sobject list --target-org my-org

# Describe object fields
sf sobject describe --sobject Opportunity --target-org my-org

# Quick field list (names only)
sf sobject describe --sobject Opportunity --target-org my-org | grep -E "^name:|^type:" 

SOQL 查询

基本模式

# Simple query
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunity LIMIT 10"

# With WHERE clause
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name FROM Opportunity WHERE StageName = 'Closed Won'"

# Date filtering
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name FROM Opportunity WHERE CloseDate = THIS_QUARTER"

# Export to CSV
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunity" --result-format csv > opps.csv

关联关系

# Parent lookup (Account from Opportunity)
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Account.Name, Account.Industry FROM Opportunity"

# Child subquery (Opportunities from Account)
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunities) FROM Account LIMIT 5"

聚合

# COUNT
sf data query -q "SELECT COUNT(Id) total FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false"

# SUM and GROUP BY
sf data query -q "SELECT StageName, SUM(Amount) total FROM Opportunity GROUP BY StageName"

# Multiple aggregates
sf data query -q "SELECT StageName, COUNT(Id) cnt, SUM(Amount) total, AVG(Amount) avg FROM Opportunity GROUP BY StageName"

批量查询（大型数据集）

# Use --bulk for >2000 records
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunity" --bulk --wait 10

管线管理

管线快照

# Open pipeline by stage
sf data query -q "SELECT StageName, COUNT(Id) cnt, SUM(Amount) total FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false GROUP BY StageName ORDER BY StageName"

# Pipeline by owner
sf data query -q "SELECT Owner.Name, SUM(Amount) total FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false GROUP BY Owner.Name ORDER BY SUM(Amount) DESC"

# Pipeline by close month
sf data query -q "SELECT CALENDAR_MONTH(CloseDate) month, SUM(Amount) total FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false AND CloseDate = THIS_YEAR GROUP BY CALENDAR_MONTH(CloseDate) ORDER BY CALENDAR_MONTH(CloseDate)"

赢/亏分析

# Win rate by stage
sf data query -q "SELECT StageName, COUNT(Id) FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = true GROUP BY StageName"

# Closed won this quarter
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, CloseDate FROM Opportunity WHERE StageName = 'Closed Won' AND CloseDate = THIS_QUARTER ORDER BY Amount DESC"

# Lost deals with reasons
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, StageName, Loss_Reason__c FROM Opportunity WHERE StageName = 'Closed Lost' AND CloseDate = THIS_QUARTER"

预测查询

# Weighted pipeline (assumes Probability field)
sf data query -q "SELECT StageName, SUM(Amount) gross, SUM(ExpectedRevenue) weighted FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false GROUP BY StageName"

# Deals closing this month
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, StageName, CloseDate FROM Opportunity WHERE CloseDate = THIS_MONTH AND IsClosed = false ORDER BY Amount DESC"

# Stale deals (no activity in 30 days)
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, LastActivityDate FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false AND LastActivityDate < LAST_N_DAYS:30"

数据操作

创建记录

sf data create record -s Opportunity -v "Name='New Deal' StageName='Prospecting' CloseDate=2024-12-31 Amount=50000"

更新记录

# By ID
sf data update record -s Opportunity -i 006xx000001234 -v "StageName='Negotiation'"

# Bulk update via CSV
sf data upsert bulk -s Opportunity -f updates.csv -i Id --wait 10

导出/导入

# Export with relationships
sf data export tree -q "SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT Id, Subject FROM Tasks) FROM Account WHERE Industry = 'Technology'" -d ./export

# Import
sf data import tree -f ./export/Account.json

用于脚本的 JSON 输出

添加--json用于结构化输出：

sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false" --json

使用jq解析：

sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name FROM Opportunity LIMIT 5" --json | jq '.result.records[].Name'

常用日期字面量

故障排除

“查询格式错误”— 检查字段API名称（而非标签）。请使用sf sobject describe以进行验证。

"查询超时"— 添加筛选条件、使用--bulk批量操作，或添加LIMIT限制。

"无效字段"— 该字段可能在该对象上不存在，或者您的配置文件缺少访问权限。

大型结果集— 对于返回超过2000条记录的查询，请使用--bulk标志。

高管工作流

快速交易查询

按名称或账户查找交易：

# By opportunity name (fuzzy)
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, StageName, CloseDate, Owner.Name, Account.Name FROM Opportunity WHERE Name LIKE '%Acme%' ORDER BY Amount DESC"

# By account name
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, StageName, CloseDate FROM Opportunity WHERE Account.Name LIKE '%Microsoft%' AND IsClosed = false"

# Recent deals I own
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, StageName, CloseDate, Account.Name FROM Opportunity WHERE OwnerId = '<my-user-id>' AND IsClosed = false ORDER BY CloseDate"

获取联系人信息以进行外联

查找公司中可发送邮件的联系人：

# Contacts at an account
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Email, Phone, Title FROM Contact WHERE Account.Name LIKE '%Acme%'"

# Decision makers (by title)
sf data query -q "SELECT Name, Email, Title, Account.Name FROM Contact WHERE Title LIKE '%CEO%' OR Title LIKE '%VP%' OR Title LIKE '%Director%'"

# Contacts on a specific deal
sf data query -q "SELECT Contact.Name, Contact.Email, Contact.Title, Role FROM OpportunityContactRole WHERE Opportunity.Name LIKE '%Acme%'"

为管道评审做准备

获取快速高管摘要：

# Top 10 deals closing this quarter
sf data query -q "SELECT Name, Account.Name, Amount, StageName, CloseDate, Owner.Name FROM Opportunity WHERE CloseDate = THIS_QUARTER AND IsClosed = false ORDER BY Amount DESC LIMIT 10"

# Deals by rep (for 1:1s)
sf data query -q "SELECT Owner.Name, COUNT(Id) deals, SUM(Amount) total FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false GROUP BY Owner.Name ORDER BY SUM(Amount) DESC"

# Deals needing attention (stale)
sf data query -q "SELECT Name, Amount, StageName, LastActivityDate, Owner.Name FROM Opportunity WHERE IsClosed = false AND LastActivityDate < LAST_N_DAYS:14 ORDER BY Amount DESC LIMIT 10"

账户情报

在通话或会议之前：

# Account overview
sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name, Industry, BillingCity, Website, OwnerId FROM Account WHERE Name LIKE '%Acme%'"

# All open deals with account
sf data query -q "SELECT Name, Amount, StageName, CloseDate FROM Opportunity WHERE Account.Name LIKE '%Acme%' AND IsClosed = false"

# Recent activities
sf data query -q "SELECT Subject, Status, ActivityDate FROM Task WHERE Account.Name LIKE '%Acme%' ORDER BY ActivityDate DESC LIMIT 5"

跨工具工作流

Salesforce + 电子邮件 (通过 gog/gmail):

1. 查找联系人邮箱:sf data query -q "SELECT Email FROM Contact WHERE Account.Name LIKE '%Acme%'"
2. 使用该地址，通过您的邮件工具起草邮件

Salesforce + 日历:

1. 查找即将结束的交易:sf data query -q "SELECT Name, Account.Name, CloseDate FROM Opportunity WHERE CloseDate = THIS_WEEK"
2. 与日历交叉核对，确保已安排跟进事项

通话后快速更新CRM:

# Log a task
sf data create record -s Task -v "Subject='Call with John' WhatId='<opportunity-id>' Status='Completed' ActivityDate=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)"

# Update opportunity stage
sf data update record -s Opportunity -i <opp-id> -v "StageName='Negotiation' NextStep='Send proposal'"

查找您的用户ID

用于"我负责的交易"查询:

sf data query -q "SELECT Id, Name FROM User WHERE Email = 'your.email@company.com'"

将此存储在您的本地配置中以便快速查阅。

参考资料

• soql-patterns.md— 高级SOQL模式 (多态、半连接、公式字段)
• pipeline-queries.md— 即用型销售管道和预测查询