fzf - 模糊查找器

具有强大集成能力的交互式命令行模糊查找器。

基本用法

简单过滤

# Pipe list to fzf
ls | fzf

# Select file
find . -type f | fzf

# Multi-select (Tab to select, Shift+Tab to deselect)
ls | fzf -m

# Preview files while selecting
ls | fzf --preview 'cat {}'

# With bat for syntax highlighting
ls | fzf --preview 'bat --color=always {}'

Shell 集成

# After installing, add to ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc:
# source /path/to/fzf/shell/completion.bash
# source /path/to/fzf/shell/key-bindings.bash

# Key bindings:
# Ctrl+R - Command history
# Ctrl+T - File search
# Alt+C  - Directory navigation

# Use in command line
vim **<TAB>      # File completion
cd **<TAB>       # Directory completion
kill -9 **<TAB>  # Process completion

常见模式

文件选择

# Open file in vim
vim $(fzf)

# Edit with preview
vim $(fzf --preview 'bat --color=always --line-range :500 {}')

# Select and copy
fzf | xargs -I {} cp {} /destination/

# Delete selected files
fzf -m | xargs rm

目录导航

# CD to selected directory
cd $(find . -type d | fzf)

# Alias for quick nav
alias cdf='cd $(find . -type d | fzf)'

# Or use Alt+C keybinding

Git 集成

# Checkout branch
git branch | fzf | xargs git checkout

# Show commit
git log --oneline | fzf | awk '{print $1}' | xargs git show

# Add files interactively
git status -s | fzf -m | awk '{print $2}' | xargs git add

# Fuzzy git log browser
alias gll='git log --oneline | fzf --preview "git show {1}"'

进程管理

# Kill process
ps aux | fzf | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill

# Kill multiple processes
ps aux | fzf -m | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9

高级功能

预览窗口

# Preview on the right
fzf --preview 'cat {}'

# Preview position and size
fzf --preview 'cat {}' --preview-window=right:50%

# Preview with bat
fzf --preview 'bat --color=always --style=numbers --line-range=:500 {}'

# Toggle preview with Ctrl+/
fzf --preview 'cat {}' --bind 'ctrl-/:toggle-preview'

# Preview directory contents
find . -type d | fzf --preview 'ls -la {}'

自定义按键绑定

# Execute action on selection
fzf --bind 'enter:execute(vim {})'

# Multiple bindings
fzf --bind 'ctrl-e:execute(vim {})' \
    --bind 'ctrl-o:execute(open {})'

# Reload on key press
fzf --bind 'ctrl-r:reload(find . -type f)'

# Accept non-matching input
fzf --print0 --bind 'enter:print-query'

过滤选项

# Case-insensitive (default)
fzf -i

# Case-sensitive
fzf +i

# Exact match
fzf -e

# Inverse match (exclude)
fzf --query='!pattern'

# OR operator
fzf --query='py$ | js$'  # .py or .js files

# AND operator
fzf --query='test .py'  # Contains both 'test' and '.py'

集成示例

与 ripgrep 结合使用

# Search content and open in vim
rg --line-number . | fzf | awk -F: '{print "+"$2, $1}' | xargs vim

# Search and preview matches
rg --line-number . | fzf --delimiter : \
  --preview 'bat --color=always {1} --highlight-line {2}' \
  --preview-window +{2}-/2

与 fd 结合使用

# Find and preview files
fd --type f | fzf --preview 'bat --color=always {}'

# Find files modified today
fd --changed-within 1d | fzf --preview 'bat {}'

与 docker 结合使用

# Select and enter container
docker ps | fzf | awk '{print $1}' | xargs -I {} docker exec -it {} bash

# Remove selected images
docker images | fzf -m | awk '{print $3}' | xargs docker rmi

# View logs
docker ps | fzf | awk '{print $1}' | xargs docker logs -f

与 kubectl 结合使用

# Select pod
kubectl get pods | fzf | awk '{print $1}' | xargs kubectl describe pod

# Get logs
kubectl get pods | fzf | awk '{print $1}' | xargs kubectl logs -f

# Delete pods
kubectl get pods | fzf -m | awk '{print $1}' | xargs kubectl delete pod

实用别名

添加到你的 shell 配置中：

# Fuzzy file search and open in vim
alias fv='vim $(fzf --preview "bat --color=always --style=numbers {}")'

# Fuzzy directory change
alias fcd='cd $(find . -type d | fzf)'

# Fuzzy git checkout
alias gco='git branch | fzf | xargs git checkout'

# Fuzzy process kill
alias fkill='ps aux | fzf | awk "{print \$2}" | xargs kill -9'

# Fuzzy history search (Ctrl+R is built-in)
alias fh='history | fzf | awk "{print \$2}" | xargs -I {} sh -c "{}"'

# Find and edit
alias fe='fd --type f | fzf --preview "bat --color=always --style=numbers {}" | xargs -r $EDITOR'

配置

环境变量

# Default options
export FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS='
  --height 40%
  --layout=reverse
  --border
  --inline-info
  --preview "bat --style=numbers --color=always --line-range :500 {}"
'

# Use fd instead of find
export FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f --hidden --follow --exclude .git'

# For Ctrl+T
export FZF_CTRL_T_COMMAND="$FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND"

# For Alt+C
export FZF_ALT_C_COMMAND='fd --type d --hidden --follow --exclude .git'

配色方案

export FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS='
  --color=bg+:#313244,bg:#1e1e2e,spinner:#f5e0dc,hl:#f38ba8
  --color=fg:#cdd6f4,header:#f38ba8,info:#cba6f7,pointer:#f5e0dc
  --color=marker:#f5e0dc,fg+:#cdd6f4,prompt:#cba6f7,hl+:#f38ba8
'

高级工作流程

项目文件浏览器

# Smart file browser with preview
fzf \
  --preview 'bat --color=always --style=numbers --line-range=:500 {}' \
  --preview-window='right:60%:wrap' \
  --bind 'enter:execute(vim {})' \
  --bind 'ctrl-y:execute-silent(echo {} | pbcopy)+abort' \
  --header 'Enter: edit | Ctrl+Y: copy path'

多功能搜索

# Search in files and navigate to line
rg --line-number --no-heading . | \
  fzf --delimiter=: \
      --preview 'bat --color=always --style=numbers --highlight-line {2} {1}' \
      --preview-window='+{2}-/2' \
      --bind 'enter:execute(vim {1} +{2})'

Docker容器管理器

#!/bin/bash
# docker-fzf.sh
container=$(docker ps --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Image}}" | fzf --header-lines=1 | awk '{print $1}')
if [ -n "$container" ]; then
    docker exec -it "$container" bash
fi

提示

• 使用--preview获取视觉上下文
• 结合bat、rg、fd实现强大的工作流程
• 在fzf中按?查看快捷键绑定
• 使用Tab进行多选
• Ctrl+/切换预览（如果已绑定）
• Ctrl+K/Ctrl+J进行导航
• 以' 开头进行精确匹配以 ! 开头进行排除
• 使用 | 表示 OR，空格表示 AND设置 FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS 以实现持久化配置性能
• 文档GitHub:https://github.com/junegunn/fzf
• Wiki:https://github.com/junegunn/fzf/wiki示例:

https://github.com/junegunn/fzf/wiki/examples

# For large file lists, use fd or rg
export FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f'

# Limit depth for faster results
export FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND='fd --type f --max-depth 5'

# Use parallel preview
fzf --preview 'bat {}' --preview-window 'hidden'

Documentation

GitHub:https://github.com/junegunn/fzfWiki:https://github.com/junegunn/fzf/wikiExamples:https://github.com/junegunn/fzf/wiki/examples