Salesforce Skill技能使用说明

2026-03-30 新闻来源：网淘吧围观:20

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Salesforce 技能

使用 Salesforce CLI (sf) 与 Salesforce 组织进行交互。CLI 在使用前必须经过身份验证。始终添加--json参数以获得结构化输出。

如果sf二进制文件不可用，请通过 npm (npm install -g @salesforce/cli) 安装或从https://developer.salesforce.com/tools/salesforcecli下载。安装后，立即使用sf org login web进行身份验证以连接到 Salesforce 组织。

Salesforce Skill

身份验证与组织管理

登录（打开浏览器）

sf org login web --alias my-org

其他登录方法：

# JWT-based login (CI/automation)
sf org login jwt --client-id <consumer-key> --jwt-key-file server.key --username user@example.com --alias my-org

# Login with an existing access token
sf org login access-token --instance-url https://mycompany.my.salesforce.com

# Login via SFDX auth URL (from a file)
sf org login sfdx-url --sfdx-url-file authUrl.txt --alias my-org

管理组织

# List all authenticated orgs
sf org list --json

# Display info about the default org (access token, instance URL, username)
sf org display --json

# Display info about a specific org
sf org display --target-org my-org --json

# Display with SFDX auth URL (sensitive - contains refresh token)
sf org display --target-org my-org --verbose --json

# Open org in browser
sf org open
sf org open --target-org my-org

# Log out
sf org logout --target-org my-org

配置和别名

# Set default target org
sf config set target-org my-org

# List all config variables
sf config list

# Get a specific config value
sf config get target-org

# Set an alias
sf alias set prod=user@example.com

# List aliases
sf alias list

查询数据 (SOQL)

通过默认 API 执行标准 SOQL 查询：

# Basic query
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, Email FROM Contact LIMIT 10" --json

# WHERE clause
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, Amount, StageName FROM Opportunity WHERE StageName = 'Closed Won'" --json

# Relationship queries (parent-to-child)
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT LastName, Email FROM Contacts) FROM Account LIMIT 5" --json

# Relationship queries (child-to-parent)
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, Account.Name FROM Contact" --json

# LIKE for text search
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Name LIKE '%Acme%'" --json

# Date filtering
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, CreatedDate FROM Lead WHERE CreatedDate = TODAY" --json

# ORDER BY + LIMIT
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunity ORDER BY Amount DESC LIMIT 20" --json

# Include deleted/archived records
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account" --all-rows --json

# Query from a file
sf data query --file query.soql --json

# Tooling API queries (metadata objects like ApexClass, ApexTrigger)
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, Status FROM ApexClass" --use-tooling-api --json

# Output to CSV file
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name, Email FROM Contact" --result-format csv --output-file contacts.csv

# Target a specific org
sf data query --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account" --target-org my-org --json

对于返回超过1万条记录的查询，请改用批量API：

sf data export bulk --query "SELECT Id, Name, Email FROM Contact" --output-file contacts.csv --result-format csv --wait 10
sf data export bulk --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account" --output-file accounts.json --result-format json --wait 10

文本搜索（SOSL）

SOSL可同时跨多个对象进行搜索：

# Search for text across objects
sf data search --query "FIND {John Smith} IN ALL FIELDS RETURNING Contact(Name, Email), Lead(Name, Email)" --json

# Search in name fields only
sf data search --query "FIND {Acme} IN NAME FIELDS RETURNING Account(Name, Industry), Contact(Name)" --json

# Search from a file
sf data search --file search.sosl --json

# Output to CSV
sf data search --query "FIND {test} RETURNING Contact(Name)" --result-format csv

单记录操作

获取记录

# By record ID
sf data get record --sobject Contact --record-id 003XXXXXXXXXXXX --json

# By field match (WHERE-like)
sf data get record --sobject Account --where "Name=Acme" --json

# By multiple fields (values with spaces need single quotes)
sf data get record --sobject Account --where "Name='Universal Containers' Phone='(123) 456-7890'" --json

创建记录（需先与用户确认）

sf data create record --sobject Contact --values "FirstName='Jane' LastName='Doe' Email='jane@example.com'" --json

sf data create record --sobject Account --values "Name='New Company' Website=www.example.com Industry='Technology'" --json

# Tooling API object
sf data create record --sobject TraceFlag --use-tooling-api --values "DebugLevelId=7dl... LogType=CLASS_TRACING" --json

更新记录（需先与用户确认）

# By ID
sf data update record --sobject Contact --record-id 003XXXXXXXXXXXX --values "Email='updated@example.com'" --json

# By field match
sf data update record --sobject Account --where "Name='Old Acme'" --values "Name='New Acme'" --json

# Multiple fields
sf data update record --sobject Account --record-id 001XXXXXXXXXXXX --values "Name='Acme III' Website=www.example.com" --json

删除记录（需要用户明确确认）

# By ID
sf data delete record --sobject Account --record-id 001XXXXXXXXXXXX --json

# By field match
sf data delete record --sobject Account --where "Name=Acme" --json

批量数据操作（Bulk API 2.0）

适用于大型数据集（数千至数百万条记录）：

批量导出

# Export to CSV
sf data export bulk --query "SELECT Id, Name, Email FROM Contact" --output-file contacts.csv --result-format csv --wait 10

# Export to JSON
sf data export bulk --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account" --output-file accounts.json --result-format json --wait 10

# Include soft-deleted records
sf data export bulk --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account" --output-file accounts.csv --result-format csv --all-rows --wait 10

# Resume a timed-out export
sf data export resume --job-id 750XXXXXXXXXXXX --json

批量导入

# Import from CSV
sf data import bulk --file accounts.csv --sobject Account --wait 10

# Resume a timed-out import
sf data import resume --job-id 750XXXXXXXXXXXX --json

批量更新/插入

sf data upsert bulk --file contacts.csv --sobject Contact --external-id Email --wait 10

批量删除

# Delete records listed in CSV (CSV must have an Id column)
sf data delete bulk --file records-to-delete.csv --sobject Contact --wait 10

树结构导出/导入（用于关联记录）

# Export with relationships into JSON tree format
sf data export tree --query "SELECT Id, Name, (SELECT Name, Email FROM Contacts) FROM Account" --json

# Export with a plan file (for multiple objects)
sf data export tree --query "SELECT Id, Name FROM Account" --plan --output-dir export-data

# Import from tree JSON files
sf data import tree --files Account.json,Contact.json

# Import using a plan definition file
sf data import tree --plan Account-Contact-plan.json

架构检查

# Describe an object (fields, relationships, picklist values)
sf sobject describe --sobject Account --json

# Describe a custom object
sf sobject describe --sobject MyCustomObject__c --json

# Describe a Tooling API object
sf sobject describe --sobject ApexClass --use-tooling-api --json

# List all objects
sf sobject list --json

# List only custom objects
sf sobject list --sobject custom --json

# List only standard objects
sf sobject list --sobject standard --json

执行Apex代码

# Execute Apex from a file
sf apex run --file script.apex --json

# Run interactively (type code, press Ctrl+D to execute)
sf apex run

# Run Apex tests
sf apex run test --test-names MyTestClass --json

# Get test results
sf apex get test --test-run-id 707XXXXXXXXXXXX --json

# View Apex logs
sf apex list log --json
sf apex get log --log-id 07LXXXXXXXXXXXX

REST API（高级功能）

发起任意经过身份验证的REST API调用：

# GET request
sf api request rest 'services/data/v62.0/limits' --json

# List API versions
sf api request rest '/services/data/' --json

# Create a record via REST
sf api request rest '/services/data/v62.0/sobjects/Account' --method POST --body '{"Name":"REST Account","Industry":"Technology"}' --json

# Update a record via REST (PATCH)
sf api request rest '/services/data/v62.0/sobjects/Account/001XXXXXXXXXXXX' --method PATCH --body '{"BillingCity":"San Francisco"}' --json

# GraphQL query
sf api request graphql --body '{"query":"{ uiapi { query { Account { edges { node { Name { value } } } } } } }"}' --json

# Custom headers
sf api request rest '/services/data/v62.0/limits' --header 'Accept: application/xml'

# Save response to file
sf api request rest '/services/data/v62.0/limits' --stream-to-file limits.json

元数据部署与检索

# Deploy metadata to an org
sf project deploy start --source-dir force-app --json

# Deploy specific metadata components
sf project deploy start --metadata ApexClass:MyClass --json

# Retrieve metadata from an org
sf project retrieve start --metadata ApexClass --json

# Check deploy status
sf project deploy report --job-id 0AfXXXXXXXXXXXX --json

# Generate a new Salesforce DX project
sf project generate --name my-project

# List metadata components in the org
sf project list ignored --json

诊断

# Run CLI diagnostics
sf doctor

# Check CLI version
sf version

# See what is new
sf whatsnew

常见SOQL模式

-- Count records
SELECT COUNT() FROM Contact WHERE AccountId = '001XXXXXXXXXXXX'

-- Aggregate query
SELECT StageName, COUNT(Id), SUM(Amount) FROM Opportunity GROUP BY StageName

-- Date literals
SELECT Id, Name FROM Lead WHERE CreatedDate = LAST_N_DAYS:30

-- Subquery (semi-join)
SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Id IN (SELECT AccountId FROM Contact WHERE Email LIKE '%@acme.com')

-- Polymorphic lookup
SELECT Id, Who.Name, Who.Type FROM Task WHERE Who.Type = 'Contact'

-- Multiple WHERE conditions
SELECT Id, Name, Amount FROM Opportunity WHERE Amount > 10000 AND StageName != 'Closed Lost' AND CloseDate = THIS_QUARTER

防护规则

始终使用--json以生成结构化、可解析的输出。
未经用户明确确认切勿创建、更新或删除记录。
执行前需描述操作内容并征得同意。除非用户明确要求
并确认具体记录对象，否则绝不可删除记录。未经用户审核文件/查询语句并确认
严禁执行批量删除或批量导入。查询时务必使用LIMIT限制条件以避免数据量过大。建议从
LIMIT 10开始，若用户需要更多数据再逐步增加。当查询记录超过10,000条时，请使用sf data export bulk而非
当用户要求“查找”或“搜索”单个对象时，使用SOQLWHERE ... LIKE '%term%'。当需要跨多个对象搜索时，通过sf data search使用SOSL。
当用户有多个组织时，使用--target-org <别名>；如果目标不明确，请询问具体是哪个组织。
如果认证失败或会话过期，引导用户通过sf org login web重新登录。
Bulk API 2.0存在SOQL限制（不支持聚合函数，如COUNT()）。对于这类查询，请使用标准的sf data query。
在描述对象时（使用sf sobject describe），JSON输出可能非常庞大。应向用户总结关键字段、必填字段和关系，而不是直接输出原始内容。

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